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Authors
Mei, Zhongcheng
Krupnick, Alexander Sasha
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Chapter History
First Online: 2 January 2026
Publishing Agreement
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: The authors would like to thank Dr. Daniel Kreisel and Dr. Andrew Gelman (Washington University in St. Louis) and Dr. Elizabeth Jacobsen (Mayo Clinic) for their valuable discussions and insights related to chronic rejection and immunopathology. We also gratefully acknowledge the contributions of the University of Maryland, Baltimore Transplant Research Team. AI-based language tools were used to assist with grammar, rewording, and stylistic clarity.
: No third-party copyrighted material was used in this chapter. All figures and tables are original or will be created by the authors. If any previously published material is later included, appropriate permissions will be obtained and submitted as per Springer Nature guidelines.
