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A Multi-method Active Liveness Detection Approach for Spoofing Detection: Integrating Blink, Head Movement, and Facial Expression Analysis

Crossref DOI link: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-07986-2_43

Published Online: 2025-10-29

Published Print: 2026

Update policy: https://doi.org/10.1007/springer_crossmark_policy

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