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First Online: 23 June 2026

Declarations

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: This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. The ethics committee at the University of Hradec Králové approved and confirmed the coherence of the research (reference number 10/2023). Informed consent to participate was obtained from all participants. The informed consent process ensured agreement to audio recording, the storage of data in the authors’ archives, anonymity, the possibility to withdraw from the research and a declaration that data would not be shared with third parties. Participants shared personal information about their experiences fleeing Ukraine and the war, making ethics confirmation necessary.