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Chapter History

First Online: 24 November 2019

Conflict of Interest Statement

: Jun-ichi Kira has received consultancy fees, speaking fees, and/or honoraria from Novartis Pharma, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma, Boehringer Ingelheim, Teijin Pharma, Takeda Pharmaceutical Company, Otsuka Pharmaceutical, Astellas Pharma, Pfizer Japan, and Eisai Co.

: This study was supported in part by a Health and Labour Sciences Research Grant on Intractable Diseases (H29-Nanchitou (Nan)-Ippan-043) from the Ministry of Health, Labour, and Welfare, Japan, the “Practical Research Project for Rare/Intractable Diseases” from the Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED; 17ek0109115h0003), Japan, a research grant from the Japanese Multiple Sclerosis Society, a research grant from the Japan Intractable Disease Research Foundation, a “Glial Assembly” Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Areas (MEXT KAKENHI Grant Number 25117012) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan, and a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A) (JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number 16H02657) from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Japan.