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Chapter History

First Online: 17 May 2025

Author Contribution Statement

: Ijaz Rasool Noorka conceptualized the chapter, led the overall coordination, and contributed significantly to the methodology and data analysis sections. Bilal Ahmad Khan assisted with the research design, contributed to the data analysis, and co-wrote key sections of the manuscript. Zafar Iqbal Khan provided expert insights into the theoretical framework and contributed to the discussion and conclusion sections. Muhammad Ather Nadeem supported the writing process and provided critical input on data interpretation and manuscript revisions. Tehreem Zehra assisted with data collection and helped structure the introduction and literature review. Abdul Wahid contributed to data analysis and played a key role in reviewing and editing the manuscript. Bismark Anokye provided support in the research design, assisted with data visualization, and helped finalize the draft. J.S. (Pat) Heslop-Harrison offered critical expertise in the overall theoretical framework, contributed to the manuscript’s scientific rigor, and participated in the final revisions.