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First Online: 10 July 2024

Competing Interests

: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.

: Author Liu conceived and designed the study, collected and analyzed the data, and wrote the manuscript. Author Xue contributed to the data collection and analysis, provided critical revisions to the manuscript, and approved the final version. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript.

: The data used in this study were obtained from a publicly available dataset, which was collected in accordance with ethical principles and informed consent procedures. The original study received ethical approval from the Institutional Review Board (IRB) prior to data collection. The participants provided informed consent for the collection and use of their data for research purposes. All identifying information was removed from the public dataset to protect the privacy and confidentiality of the participants. The current analysis was conducted in compliance with the ethical standards set forth by the IRB.

: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Conference Information

Conference Acronym: CCF ChinaNet

Conference Name: China Conference on Networking

Conference City: Wenzhou

Conference Country: China

Conference Year: 2023

Conference Start Date: 8 September 2023

Conference End Date: 10 September 2023

Conference Number: 1

Conference ID: chinanet2023

Conference URL: https://www.ccfnet.org.cn/