Document is current

Article History

Received: 14 November 2025

Revised: 16 February 2026

Accepted: 17 February 2026

First Online: 19 March 2026

Declarations

:

: The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Christiane Wiemann, Christian J. Kuster, Mark G. Best are employees of companies that conduct and evaluate risk assessments for regulatory purposes in the context of authorization and marketing of their companies’ products. They contribute as individual scientific experts to the working-groups of the ICPPE initiative for development and evaluation of a state-of-the-art risk assessment methodology. The authors declare that they have no further conflict of interest.

: The authors declare compliance with ethical standards.