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Article History

Received: 20 September 2022

Revised: 27 September 2022

Accepted: 12 December 2022

First Online: 23 December 2022

Declarations

:

: There were no direct conflicts of interest related to the current work. Cale A. Jacobs reports no conflicts of interest related to this research study but reports research funding from Smith & Nephew and Flexion Therapeutics. Caitlin Whale Conley, PhD, ATC reports no conflicts of interest related to this research study but is a paid consultant of the International Cartilage Regeneration and Joint Preservation Society (ICRS. Austin V Stone, MD, PhD, reports no conflicts of interest related to this research study but reports the following disclosures: Allosource (Paid consultant; Research support), Bioventus (Paid consultant), Flexion Therapeutics (Research support), Smith & Nephew (Paid consultant), Surgical Care Affiliates (Other financial or material support), Terumo (Paid presenter or speaker). Christian Lattermann, MD reports no conflicts of interest related to this research study but reports the following disclosures: Joint restoration Foundation (Paid consultant; Research support), Samumed (Paid consultant), Vericel (Paid consultant). Lisa Fortier, DVM, PhD reports no conflicts of interest related to this research study but reports the following disclosures: Arthrex, Inc (Other financial or material support; Paid consultant; Research support), Journal of Cartilage and Joint Preservation (Other financial or material support). Laura Keller, Sheng Zhang, Qin Fu, and Emily Hunt have no conflicts of interest or other disclosures.

: This study was approved by the University of Kentucky IRB.

: All patients provided written informed consent prior to participating in this study.

: The study was approved by the University of Kentucky IRB and all patients provided informed consent before taking part in any study activities.