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Authors
He, Changjun https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1917-6446
Li, Yingbin
Gao, Nianyu
Fu, Bicheng
Zhou, Fucheng
Ni, Boxiong
Bu, Jianlong
Chen, Junhui
Kong, Xianglong
Li, Pengju
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
The Haiyan Foundation of Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital (JJMS2021-12)
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Article History
Received: 14 May 2025
Revised: 21 August 2025
Accepted: 22 August 2025
First Online: 6 November 2025
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The study was approved by Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital ethics committee, (Approval number: KY2022-05) and the need for written informed consent was waived due to the retrospective nature of the study and the fact that two-thirds of the study population was dead at the start of the study. All methods involving human material were performed in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations.All procedures were strictly implemented according to the Declaration of Helsinki .
: Not applicable.
