Funding for this research was provided by:
Ningxia Key Technology Achievements Transfer and Transformation Project (2025CJE09012)
Ningxia Key Research and Development Program for Special Projects (2023BEG02022)
Article History
Received: 29 March 2026
Revised: 29 March 2026
Accepted: 12 June 2026
First Online: 29 June 2026
Declarations
:
: This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki guidelines and approved by institutional review board of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University. The ethical approval number is KYLL-2025-0105 and the decision date is January 24, 2025. Written informed consent was obtained from all patients.
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The authors acknowledge that the data collection and preliminary analysis were conducted at the General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University. The final drafting, critical revision, and polishing of the manuscript were completed at the People’s Hospital of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. We thank both institutions for their support and resources.