Funding for this research was provided by:
the Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province (2023-MS-061)
Article History
Received: 9 July 2025
Revised: 24 December 2025
Accepted: 5 February 2026
First Online: 3 March 2026
Declarations
:
: Ethics approval and consent to participate All human sample studies (including mRNA-seq) were approved by the Ethics Committee of the Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology and complied with the Declaration of Helsinki. All animal experimentation protocols were approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of China Medical University and in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals.
: Not applicable.
: The informed consent of all the individual participants included in the study has been obtained.
: The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.