,
Collese, Tatiana Sadalla
De Moraes, Augusto César Ferreira
Fernández-Alvira, Juan Miguel
Michels, Nathalie
De Henauw, Stefaan
Manios, Yannis
Androutsos, Odysseas
Kafatos, Anthony
Widhalm, Kurt
Galfo, Myriam
Beghin, Laurent
Sjöström, Michael
Pedrero-Chamizo, Raquel
Carvalho, Heráclito Barbosa
Moreno, Luis A.
Funding for this research was provided by:
European Community Sixth RTD Framework Programme (FOOD-CT: 2005-007034)
European Union (ALPHA project, Ref: 2006120)
Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research (FAS)
Spanish Ministry of Education (EX-2007-1124, EX-2008-0641)
Spanish Ministry of Health, Maternal, Child Health and Development Network (RD08/0072)
São Paulo Research Foundation — FAPESP (2015/11406-3)
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (2016/13922-1, 2014/13367-2)
European Regional Development Fund (MICINN-FEDER)
Article History
Received: 15 January 2018
Revised: 31 October 2018
Accepted: 22 November 2018
First Online: 4 December 2018
Compliance with ethical standards
:
: The content of this paper reflects only the authors’ views and the rest of HELENA Study members, and the European Community is not liable for any use that may be made of the information contained therein. The authors declare that they have no competing interests.
: Data from the <i>Brazilian Cardiovascular Adolescent Health</i> (BRACAH) Study were approved by the Ethics Committee on Research Involving Human Participants of the University Center of Maringá and authorized by the Ethics Committee on Research Projects of the University of São Paulo, in accordance with Brazilian law. The <i>Healthy Lifestyle in Europe by Nutrition in Adolescence</i> (HELENA) Study was approved by the Human Research Review Committees of all the European centers involved. Both studies were conducted according to the guidelines laid down in the Declaration of Helsinki, and a formal request to conduct the survey was submitted and accepted by the boards of all participant schools.
: The HELENA study was carried out with the financial support of the European Community Sixth RTD Framework Programme (Contract FOOD-CT: 2005-007034). This work was also partially supported by the European Union, in the framework of the Public Health Programme (ALPHA project, Ref: 2006120), the Swedish Council for Working Life and Social Research (FAS), the Spanish Ministry of Education (EX-2007-1124, and EX-2008-0641), and the Spanish Ministry of Health, Maternal, Child Health and Development Network (RD08/0072). LAM was given a visiting professor scholarship from São Paulo Research Foundation—FAPESP (proc. 2015/11406-3). TSC was given a PhD scholarship from São Paulo Research Foundation—FAPESP (proc. 2016/13922-1). ACFM was given a Post-Doctoral scholarship from São Paulo Research Foundation—FAPESP (proc. 2014/13367-2). The GENUD Research Group is co-financed by the European Regional Development Fund (MICINN-FEDER). This study was financed in part by the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – Brasil (CAPES) - Finance Code 001.
: Written informed consent was obtained from all adolescents as well as from their parents/guardians.