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Authors
Vach, Marius
Rubbert, Christian
Caspers, Julian
Meuth, Sven G.
Pawlitzki, Marc
Masanneck, Lars
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministerium für Wirtschaft, Innovation, Digitalisierung und Energie des Landes Nordrhein-Westfalen (005-2008-0055)
Medizinische Fakultät, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf (n/a)
Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (493659010)
Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf. Anstalt öffentlichen Rechts
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Article History
Received: 18 March 2025
Accepted: 3 June 2025
First Online: 26 June 2025
Conflict of interest
: M. Vach reports no conflicts of interest related to this study. His research is funded by the Medical Faculty of the Heinrich-Heine-University Duesseldorf, Germany. C. Rubbert reports no conflicts of interest related to this study. J. Caspers reports no conflicts of interest related to this study. He has received honoraria for lecturing and travel expenses from Allergan and Pfizer. S.G. Meuth reports no conflicts of interest related to this study. He has received honoraria for lecturing and travel expenses for attending meetings from Almirall, Amicus Therapeutics Germany, ArgenX, Bayer Health Care, Biogen, Celgene, Diamed, Genzyme, MedDay Pharmaceuticals, Merck Serono, Novartis, Neuraxpharm, Novo Nordisk, ONO Pharma, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis, Chugai Pharma, QuintilesIMS, and Teva. His research is funded by the German Ministry for Education and Research (BMBF), Bundesinstitut für Risikobewertung (BfR), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Else Kröner Fresenius Foundation, Gemeinsamer Bundesausschuss (G-BA), German Academic Exchange Service, Hertie Foundation, Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Studies (IZKF) Muenster, German Foundation Neurology, and by Alexion, Almirall, Amicus Therapeutics Germany, Biogen, Diamed, Fresenius Medical Care, Genzyme, HERZ Burgdorf, Merck Serono, Novartis, ONO Pharma, Roche, and Teva, all outside the scope of this study. M. Pawlitzki reports no conflicts of interest related to this study. He has received honoraria for lecturing and travel expenses for attending meetings from Alexion, ArgenX, Bayer Health Care, Biogen, Hexal, Merck Serono, Neuraxpharm, Novartis, Roche, Sanofi-Aventis, Takeda, and Teva. His research is funded by ArgenX, Biogen, Hexal, and Novartis, all outside the scope of this study. L. Masanneck reports no conflicts of interest related to this study. He has received honoraria for lecturing, consulting, and travel expenses for attending meetings from Biogen, Merck, Sanofi, argenX, Roche, Alexion, and Novartis, all outside the scope of this work. His research is funded by the German Multiple Sclerosis Foundation (DMSG), B. Braun Foundation and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation)—493659010.
