Katayama, Yusuke http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2585-4259
Kitamura, Tetsuhisa http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0107-0580
Kiyohara, Kosuke http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0644-6129
Ishida, Kenichiro
Hirose, Tomoya
Nakao, Shunichiro
Tachino, Jotaro
Matsuyama, Tasuku
Kiguchi, Takeyuki http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0259-9531
Umemura, Yutaka
Noda, Tomohiro
Nakagawa, Yuko
Shimazu, Takeshi
Funding for this research was provided by:
General Insurance Association of Japan
Article History
Received: 2 October 2020
Accepted: 27 December 2020
First Online: 25 January 2021
Complaince with ethical standards
:
: The authors report no conflict of interests.
: This study was approved by the ethics committee of the Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine (approval no. 20233).
: Because JTDB data and the ambulance records that we were provided from the FDMA were anonymized, the requirement of informed consent was waived.
: Not required.
: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the FDMA and JTDB, but the availability of these data is restricted.
: SPSS version 23.0 J (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, USA) and R version 3.1.0 (The R Foundation for Statistical Computing).