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Article History

Received: 28 September 2023

Accepted: 28 December 2023

First Online: 16 January 2024

Declarations

:

: This study was not formally registered because of its exploratory nature, in consequence the analysis plan was not formally pre-registered and no sample size calculation performed. Data acquisition was conducted between May 2019 and August 2020, and data analysis took place between November 2022 and February 2023 between May 2019 and August 2020. Participating clinicians were unable to guess the results of their assessments. Data analyses were performed by statisticians unaware of relevant characteristics of the patients. All equipment and software used to perform acquisition and analysis are widely available. The key inclusion and outcome criteria (e.g., primary diagnosis or prognostic factor) are established standards in the field and were assessed by experienced clinicians with consultant level. Statistical analysis and review was performed by professional statisticians (DS et JLB). No multiple comparisons were performed. No replication or external validation studies have been performed or are planned/ongoing. De-identified data from this study are not available in a public archive. De-identified data from this study will be made available (as allowable according to institutional IRB standards) by emailing the corresponding author (tgauss@chu-grenoble.fr).

: The study received approval from both institutional ethics committees. Informed consent was not required as AIP and TCD were part of routine monitoring on admission for patients with TBI, and the results were recorded into the patient data monitoring system.

: Not applicable.

: TG reports honoraria from <i>Laboratoire du Biomédicament Français</i> in the past.FT is member of the advisory board of <i>NeurOptics.</i>CMP is the Chief Scientist of <i>NeurOptics</i>.All other authors have no conflict of interest to declare.