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Article History

Received: 2 July 2025

Accepted: 23 November 2025

First Online: 13 January 2026

Declarations

:

: Ethics approval was obtained from the institutional ethical committee of General Hospital of Central Theater Command (Wuhan General Hospital, previously) (No.2025-004-01).

: The requirement for informed consent was waived by the ethics committee due to the retrospective nature of the study and the use of anonymized patient data.

: We confirm that this work is original, has not been published previously and has been written by the stated authors who are all aware of the content and approve the submission.

: The authors declare that no AI and AI-assisted tools were used in the writing process of this manuscript.

: Not applicable.

: The authors declare no competing interests.