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Authors
Vadgaonkar, Aditya
Hackl, Michael
Gravius, Sascha
Darwich, Ali
Blümke, Alexander
Eschmann, David
Bludau, Frederic
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim der Universität Heidelberg
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Article History
Received: 20 August 2025
Accepted: 28 December 2025
First Online: 2 February 2026
Declarations
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: The authors declare no competing interests.
: Before conducting the study, an application was made to the institutional ethics committee of the University Hospital Mannheim. An approval was granted for conducting a retrospective study on anonymised patient data with the approval number 2024 − 849. Individual consent was not required, as all patient data were collected retrospectively and anonymized prior to analysis.
