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Article History

Received: 15 September 2025

Accepted: 10 January 2026

First Online: 9 March 2026

Declarations

:

: This study was conducted in accordance with the ethical standards of the Research Ethics Committee of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The trial was registered with Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20121117011491N3 – First Phase; external wound). All participants provided written informed consent prior to enrollment.

: Not applicable.

: All authors have read and approved the final version of the manuscript. Hamid Mohammadi, the corresponding author, had full access to all data in the study and assumes full responsibility for the integrity and accuracy of the data analysis. Hossein Abdolrahimzadeh Fard and Shahram Paydar affirm that this manuscript is an honest, accurate, and transparent account of the study being reported; that no important aspects of the study have been omitted; and that any discrepancies from the planned study (and, if relevant, registered protocol) have been explained.

: Some of authors were involved in preclinical development and regulatory approvals for AriClot hemostatic powder. Clinical team including onsite investigators conducting interventions and analysis, declare no competing interests. The developers had no role in study design, execution, data analysis, or reporting and not participated in the patient’s enrolment phase. No personal financial compensation was received by any author. All authors confirm no influence from developers on study design, conduct, interpretation, or reporting and declare no competing interests.