Document is current

Article History

Received: 5 July 2018

Revised: 1 October 2018

Accepted: 16 October 2018

First Online: 23 October 2018

Compliance with ethical standards

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: Dr. Criner reports grants from Boehringer-Ingelheim, grants from Novartis, grants from Astra Zeneca, grants from Respironics, grants from MedImmune, grants from Actelion, grants from Forest, grants from Pearl, grants from Ikaria, grants from Aeris, grants from PneumRx, grants from Pulmonx, other from HGE Health Care Solutions, Inc., other from Amirall, other from Boehringer-Ingelheim, other from Holaira, outside the submitted work. Dr. Dransfield reports grants from NHLBI, during the conduct of the study; grants from Department of Defense, personal fees and other from Boehringer Ingeheim, personal fees and other from GlaxoSmithKline, other from Novartis, personal fees and other from AstraZeneca, other from Yungjin, other from PneumRx/BTG, other from Pulmonx, personal fees from Genentech, personal fees and other from Boston Scientific, outside the submitted work. Dr. Fuhlbrigge has received grant support from the NHBLI, AHRQ, and PCORI related to asthma and COPD studies. She also has received personal fees from GSK, AstraZeneca, and Icon Medical Imaging for consulting on investigations in asthma, and COPD. Dr. Scholand reports other from Boehringer Ingelheim, other from Genentech, other from Fibrogen, other from Global Blood Therapeutics, outside the submitted work. In addition, Dr. Scholand has a patent Apparatus, Compositions and Methods for Assessment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Progression among Rapid and Slow Decline Conditions issued. Dr. Castaldi reports grants from GSK, personal fees from GSK, outside the submitted work. Dr. Cho reports grants from NHLBI, grants from GSK, during the conduct of the study; grants from Alpha-1 Foundation, outside the submitted work. Dr. Silverman reports grants from NIH, during the conduct of the study; personal fees from Novartis; and grant and travel support from GlaxoSmithKline, outside the submitted work. Dr. Hersh reports grants from National Institutes of Health, during the conduct of the study; personal fees from Mylan, personal fees from AstraZeneca, personal fees from Concert Pharmaceuticals, personal fees from 23andMe, grants from Novartis, grants from Boehringer-Ingelheim, outside the submitted work.Drs. Seo, Qiu, Bailey, Reilly, Parker, Saferali, Yun, Crapo, Beaty, and Mr. Chase report no competing interests.