Chang, Yuhan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7369-0300
Jiang, Pei-Heng https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0068-1881
Hsu, Yung-Heng https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7391-3212
Lin, Yu-Chih https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1190-406X
Hu, Chih-Chien https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4209-7977
Li, Yi-Zhen https://orcid.org/0009-0007-7968-4204
Ueng, Steve Wen-Neng https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8969-7497
Chen, Mei-Feng https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7170-0843
Funding for this research was provided by:
Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan (NSTC 113-2314-B-182A-097 -MY3)
Chang Gung Memorial Hospital (CMRPG3P0481)
Article History
Received: 7 May 2025
Revised: 10 February 2026
Accepted: 25 February 2026
First Online: 18 March 2026
Declarations
:
: All animal procedures complied with the National Institutes of Health in the United States guidelines and were reviewed and approved by the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Animal Care and Use Committee (IACUC approval number 2024031901; valid from 2024/07/01 to 2027/06/30; Protocol title: To investigate the role of EFEMP1 in cartilage homeostasis through regulation of autophagy: Application for osteoarthritis treatment). This manuscript does not contain clinical studies or patient data. Clinical trial number: not applicable.
: The authors declare no competing interests.