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Article History

Received: 11 April 2017

Accepted: 1 September 2017

First Online: 30 October 2017

Change Date: 29 April 2025

Change Type: Correction

Change Details: This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail:

Change Details: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00125-025-06418-2

Data availability

: All data generated or analysed during this study are included in this published article (and its file).

: We would like to thank the following funding bodies: the British Heart Foundation (Award number: FS/13/58/30648) to GP; the Ministry of Education, Brazil (Grant number: 7326/2014-09) to RAL; University of Turin (Ricerca Locale Linea B 2015 and Linea A 2016) to MC; the William Harvey Research Foundation to CT; Bart’s and The London Charity Centre of Diabetic Kidney Disease (programme grant: 577/2348) to MY and CT; and FISM Fondazione Italiana Sclerosi Multipla–Cod. 2014/R/21 to ES. We acknowledge support from the National Institute for Health and Research, Biomedical Research Centre award to Guy’s and St Thomas Foundation Trust in partnership with King’s College London.

: No conflict of interest declared.

: All authors made substantial contributions to conception and design, acquisition of data and interpretation of data; GP, LG, MC, CT and ES drafted the manuscript and provided important intellectual content; all authors reviewed and approved the manuscript. GP, CT and ES are the guarantors of this work.