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Article History

Received: 21 May 2018

Accepted: 30 November 2018

First Online: 10 January 2019

Duality of interest

: LBr, SJM, PMM and HMC declare a grant from AstraZeneca for the work under consideration for publication. The following authors have disclosed declarations of interest outside the submitted work: NS received grant and personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, personal fees from Janssen, Eli Lilly and Novo Nordisk and a grant from Astra Zeneca; JRP received grant and personal fees from Sanofi Aventis, Quintiles and Janssen, personal fees from ACI clinical, Pfizer, Lilly and Novo Nordisk and non-financial support from Itamar Medical and Merck (Germany); RJM received personal fees for advisory boards from Novo Nordisk, Sanofi Aventis and Lilly and HMC received grants (as part of EU Innovative Medicines programme collaborations) from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Eli Lilly & Company, Pfizer, Roche Pharmaceuticals and Sanofi Aventis and grants from Novo Nordisk. HMC is a shareholder in Bayer and Roche Pharmaceuticals. HMC is on trial steering committees or safety monitoring committees with Eli Lilly, Sanofi and Regeneron, Novartis Pharmaceuticals and Novo Nordisk and receives remuneration via her institution for this. She has received speaker fees and travel expenses for presenting trials she has helped design or other research she has led from Pfizer, Eli Lilly, Sanofi and Regeneron. JAM received grants from Novo Nordisk, Lilly, Merck, Boheringer and GSK and non-financial support from Novo Nordisk. ERP received personal honorarium fees from Lilly, MSD, Novo Nordisk and Astra Zeneca. TMC received a grant from Diabetes UK and the British Heart Foundation. All other members of the writing committee declare that there is no duality of interest associated with their contribution to this manuscript.