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Article History

Received: 14 October 2022

Accepted: 7 March 2023

First Online: 6 June 2023

Change Date: 18 June 2023

Change Type: Update

Change Details: The tagging of author Lilan Fernandes Silva was incorrect.

Acknowledgements

: We wish to acknowledge the participants and investigators of the FinnGen, METSIM, 1958NCDS and UK Biobank studies. This manuscript is part of the Stratification of Obesity Phenotypes to Optimise Future Obesity Therapy (SOPHIA) project (ExternalRef removed). The SOPHIA project has received funding from the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking under grant agreement number 875534. This joint undertaking receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme, the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations, the T1D Exchange, JDRF and Obesity Action Coalition. The research utilised data from the UK Biobank resource carried out under UK Biobank application number 9072. UK Biobank protocols were approved by the National Research Ethics Service Committee. The authors would like to thank the Exeter Sequencing service for carrying out the RNA sequencing. The authors would also like to acknowledge use of the University of Exeter High-Performance Computing Facility for carrying out this work. This study was supported by the National Institute for Health and Care Research Exeter Biomedical Research Centre. The views expressed are those of the author(s) and not necessarily those of the NIHR or the Department of Health and Social Care. Neither the Innovative Medicine Initiative nor the European Union, the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations or any associated partners are responsible for any use that may be made of the information contained therein.

: Data cannot be shared publicly because of data availability and data return policies of the UK Biobank. Data are available from the UK Biobank for researchers who meet the criteria for access to datasets of the UK Biobank (ExternalRef removed).

: GH has received funding from the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking under grant agreement number 875534. JT is supported by an Academy of Medical Sciences Springboard award, which is supported by the Academy of Medical Sciences, the Wellcome Trust, the global Challenges Research Fund, the UK Government Department of Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, the British Heart Foundation and Diabetes UK (SBF004\1079). TGR and GDS work within the MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol supported by the Medical Research Council (MC UU 00011/1). The equipment utilised is funded by the Wellcome Trust Institutional Strategic Support Fund (WT097835 MF), a Wellcome Trust Multi-User Equipment Award (WT101650 MA) and a Biotechnology and Biological Science Research Council LoLa award (BB/K003240/1). The high-performance computing was funded by a Medical Research Council Clinical Research Infrastructure award (MR/M008924/1). TMF is supported by MRC awards MR/WO14548/1 and MR/T002239/1. MB, XY and ML are supported by NIH grant DK062370.

: TGR is an employee of GlaxoSmithKline outside of the research conducted in this manuscript. The remaining authors declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.

: All authors substantially contributed to the conception and design of the study, assisted in drafting the article, and approved the final published version. TMF is the guarantor of this work.