Kuss, Oliver http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3301-5869
Opitz, Marie Elisabeth
Brandstetter, Lea Verena
Schlesinger, Sabrina http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4244-0832
Roden, Michael http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8200-6382
Hoyer, Annika http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0241-9951
Funding for this research was provided by:
Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf. Anstalt öffentlichen Rechts
Article History
Received: 6 February 2023
Accepted: 16 May 2023
First Online: 20 June 2023
Acknowledgements
: We would like to thank Birgit Hurow (German Diabetes Center, Leibniz Institute for Diabetes Research at Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Institute for Biometrics and Epidemiology, Düsseldorf, Germany) for organisational assistance with the paper’s full texts.
: Two datasets (one for the log[SD] and one for the baseline-corrected log[SD]) to reproduce the analyses from this paper are available on ExternalRef removed.
: Open Access funding enabled and organized by Projekt DEAL. The German Diabetes Center is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Culture and Science of the state of North Rhine-Westphalia. The German Center for Diabetes Research is funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. Neither of these funders had any role in the design, execution, analyses, interpretation of data or decision to submit results in this study. In particular, the research reported here received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors.
: OK received honoraria for biostatistical education from Berlin-Chemie. SS received a speaker honorarium from Novo Nordisk. MR received personal fees from Allergan, Astra-Zeneca, Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Eli Lilly, Fishawack Group, Gilead Sciences, Intercept Pharma, Inventiva, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Pfizer, Prosciento, Sanofi US and Target RWE and investigator-initiated research support from Boehringer-Ingelheim, Nutricia/Danone and Sanofi-Aventis. All other authors (MEO, LVB, and AH) declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.
: OK had the initial idea for the study, performed the statistical analysis and wrote the first draft of the report. MEO and LVB performed the primary extraction of the data, and OK and AH supervised and harmonized the data extraction. SS helped with all issues concerning systematic review techniques. MR was the main contributor with respect to all clinical issues of this work. All authors contributed to data interpretation, discussion of findings and revision of the report, and have read and approved the final report. OK is the guarantor of this work and, as such, had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.