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Article History

Received: 10 February 2023

Accepted: 18 May 2023

First Online: 18 July 2023

Acknowledgements

: We thank S. Svendsen (Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, USA) for a thorough editing of the manuscript and V. Punj (Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, USA) for bioinformatics analysis. Parts of this work were presented at Gordon Research Conferences on Wnt signalling (2019), Cornea and Ocular Surface Biology and Pathology (2020), International Society for Stem Cell Research (2019, 2022), Cell Symposia (2018, 2022), and The Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology (2019, 2021, 2022).

: The DNA methylation dataset is available from the public GEO repository under accession no. GSE229328 ().

: Open access funding provided by SCELC, Statewide California Electronic Library Consortium. This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (R01EY013431 to AVL; R01EY031377 to AVL; R01EY025377 to MS; R01CA206220 to JYL) and funding from the Board of Governors Regenerative Medicine Institute (to AVL).

: The authors declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.

: RS contributed to conceptualisation, design and methodology, supervision, investigation and analyses, and writing, reviewing, editing, and approving the manuscript. TMS, DJW, HD, RP, CA, XYS, STC, JI, STu, SG, JJK, STo, SVY and PH contributed to design and methodology, investigation, reviewing, editing and approving the manuscript. OBS, YSR, and EM contributed to design and methodology, data collection, reviewing, editing, and approving the manuscript. CNS contributed to design and methodology, funding acquisition, reviewing, editing, and approving the manuscript. MS contributed to conceptualisation, design and methodology, supervision, funding acquisition, project administration, investigation, reviewing, editing, and approving the manuscript. JYL contributed to conceptualisation, design and methodology, funding acquisition, reviewing, editing and approving the manuscript. AAK contributed to conceptualisation, design and methodology, supervision, investigation and analyses, reviewing, editing, and approving the manuscript. AVL contributed to conceptualisation, design and methodology, supervision, investigation and analyses, funding acquisition, project administration, and writing, reviewing, editing, and approving the manuscript. AVL is the guarantor of this work.