Hummel, Sandra http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6554-5974
Rosenberger, Sarah
von dem Berge, Thekla
Besser, Rachel E. J.
Casteels, Kristina
Hommel, Angela
Kordonouri, Olga
Elding Larsson, Helena
Lundgren, Markus
Marcus, Benjamin A.
Oltarzewski, Mariusz
Rochtus, Anne
Szypowska, Agnieszka
Todd, John A.
Weiss, Andreas
Winkler, Christiane
Bonifacio, Ezio
Ziegler, Anette-G.
,
Funding for this research was provided by:
Swedish Diabetes Foundation
EASD Novo Nordisk Foundation - Diabetes Prize for Excellence (NNF22SA0081044)
Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (FKZ: 01KX1818)
The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust (#2018PG-T1D022 (The Global Platform for Preventio)
German Center for Diabetes Research
Helmholtz Zentrum München
Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International (5-SRA-2015-130- A-N)
Wellcome Trust ([107212/Z/15/Z])
Helmholtz Zentrum München - Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Gesundheit und Umwelt (GmbH)
Article History
Received: 14 August 2023
Accepted: 14 November 2023
First Online: 12 January 2024
Acknowledgements
: We acknowledge Raffael Ott (Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Munich, Germany) for his support in analysis of the SNP data. We thank the families for their participation in the type 1 diabetes research and for helping to develop therapies for prevention. Acknowledgements for the GPPAD and POInT Study Group are provided in the ESM InternalRef removed.
: Data will be available on submission of a signed transfer agreement; please email cc@gppad.org and the corresponding author.
: The GPPAD studies are supported by The Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust (Helmsley) grants 2018PG-T1D022 (GPPAD-02 study and GPPAD coordinating centre), 2003-04286 (GPPAD coordinating centre continuation), 2018PG-T1D023 (GPPAD-03 study: POInT – Primary Oral Insulin Trial), and funding from Helmholtz Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Germany, the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung grant FKZ 01KX1818 and the EASD-Novo Nordisk Foundation Diabetes Prize for Excellence NNF22SA0081044 to AGZ (Helmholtz Munich), from Wellcome [107212/Z/15/Z] and JDRF [5-SRA-2015-130-A-N] to the JDRF/Wellcome Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, and from the German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD e.V.) to Helmholtz Munich. The Unit for Pediatric Endocrinology, Lund University, was also supported by the Swedish Diabetes Foundation. The funding organisations had no role in the design of the study.
: The authors A-GZ and EB are inventors of a patent entitled ‘Method for determining the risk to develop type 1 diabetes’ (WO 2019/002364). All other authors declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.
: SH, SR and AW performed the data analysis. TvdB, REJB, KC, AH, OK, HEL, ML, BAM, MO, AR, AS, JAT, CW and EB are clinical site investigators and contributed to participant enrolment and study conduct. A-GZ is the principal investigator of POInT and the speaker for the GPPAD consortium and GPPAD coordination centre. SH, SR, EB and A-GZ drafted the manuscript. All authors reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript. SH and A-GZ are the guarantors of this work, and, as such, had full access to all the data in the study and take responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.