Werkman, Nikki C. C. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3878-8302
García-Sáez, Gema http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8396-8185
Nielen, Johannes T. H. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3633-2504
Tapia-Galisteo, Jose http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0456-3359
Somolinos-Simón, Francisco J. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7096-1833
Hernando, Maria E. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6182-313X
Wang, Junfeng
Jiu, Li
Goettsch, Wim G. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8022-7496
van der Kallen, Carla J. H. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1468-8793
Koster, Annemarie http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1583-7391
Schalkwijk, Casper G. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0190-2690
de Vries, Hein http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3640-2517
de Vries, Nanne K. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4348-707X
Eussen, Simone J. P. M. http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0559-6838
Driessen, Johanna H. M. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4503-6408
Stehouwer, Coen D. A. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8752-3223
Funding for this research was provided by:
HORIZON EUROPE European Innovation Council (825162)
Article History
Received: 18 August 2023
Accepted: 24 November 2023
First Online: 11 January 2024
Data availability
: The data of this study derive from the Maastricht Study, but restrictions apply to the availability of these data, which were used under licence for the current study. Data are, however, available from the authors upon reasonable request and with permission of the Maastricht Study management team.
: The HTx project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no. 825162. This dissemination reflects only the authors’ views and the Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. The Maastricht Study is supported by the European Regional Development Fund via OP-Zuid, the Province of Limburg, the Dutch Ministry of Economic Affairs (grant 31O.041), Stichting De Weijerhorst (Maastricht, the Netherlands), the Pearl String Initiative Diabetes (Amsterdam, the Netherlands), the Cardiovascular Center (CVC, Maastricht, the Netherlands), CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases (Maastricht, the Netherlands), CAPHRI Care and Public Health Research Institute (Maastricht, the Netherlands), NUTRIM School for Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism (Maastricht, the Netherlands), Stichting Annadal (Maastricht, the Netherlands), the Health Foundation Limburg (Maastricht, the Netherlands) and the School for Mental Health & Neuroscience (Maastricht, the Netherlands), and by unrestricted grants from Janssen-Cilag B.V. (Tilburg, the Netherlands), Novo Nordisk Farma B.V. (Alphen aan den Rijn, the Netherlands) and Sanofi-Aventis Netherlands B.V. (Gouda, the Netherlands).
: The authors declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.
: All authors contributed to the study concept and design, interpretation of results and critical revision of the manuscript. NCCW performed the statistical analyses and wrote the first draft of the manuscript. JHMD and GG-S supervised the statistical analyses and JTHN supported in writing the first draft of the manuscript. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript to be published. JHMD is the guarantor of this work.