Esser, Nathalie https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1823-3817
Hogan, Meghan F. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5767-1599
Templin, Andrew T. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6241-9304
Akter, Rehana https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4475-3093
Fountaine, Brendy S.
Castillo, Joseph J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4080-2545
El-Osta, Assam https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7968-7375
Manathunga, Lakshan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9809-4193
Zhyvoloup, Alexander
Raleigh, Daniel P. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3248-7493
Zraika, Sakeneh https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4831-7034
Hull, Rebecca L. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9690-4087
Kahn, Steven E. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7307-9002
Funding for this research was provided by:
Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Australia (1-INO-2022-1123-A-N)
Diabetes Research Center, University of Washington (Dick, Julia McAbee Endowed Postdoctoral Fellows)
American Diabetes Association (Postdoctoral Fellowship 1-18-PDF-174)
Fonds De La Recherche Scientifique - FNRS (Post doctorate Clinical Master Specialist)
Fonds Léon Fredericq
Wellcome Trust (107927/Z/15/Z)
U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (I01 BX001060, I01 BX004063, IK2 BX004659)
National Institutes of Health (P30 DK017047, R01 GM078114, T32 DK007247, T32 HL007028)
Belgian American Educational Foundation
Fonds Baillet Latour
Société Francophone du Diabète
Article History
Received: 26 February 2024
Accepted: 29 February 2024
First Online: 9 September 2024
Acknowledgements
: The authors thank A. Aplin, B. Barrow, S. Mongovin, D. Hackney and C. Schmidt (Seattle Institute for Biomedical and Clinical Research, Seattle, WA, USA) for excellent technical support, and J. Edgar (University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA) for expert assistance with MS analysis. Some of the data from this study were presented at the ADA’s 78th, 79th and 80th Scientific Sessions in 2018, 2019 and 2020, and at the EASD’s 58th Annual Meeting in 2022.
: The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
: This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (P30 DK017047, T32 DK007247, T32 HL007028 and R01 GM078114), Wellcome Trust (107927/Z/15/Z), the US Department of Veterans Affairs (I01 BX001060 to SEK, I01 BX004063 to RLH and IK2 BX004659 to ATT), an American Diabetes Association Postdoctoral Fellowship (1-18-PDF-174 to MFH), the University of Washington (Dick and Julia McAbee Endowed Postdoctoral Fellowship to MFH and NE), the Seattle Institute for Biomedical and Clinical Research and a seed grant from the office of the Vice President for Research at Stony Brook University. NE is an F.R.S-FNRS Post doctorate Clinical Master Specialist and acknowledges support from the Société Francophone du Diabète, the Belgian American Educational Foundation and the Baillet-Latour Found, the Belgian Diabetes Association, the Horlait-Dapsens Foundation, the Leon Fredericq Foundation, and the Fondation du Rotary Club de Liège. AE-O is a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Senior Research Fellow (1154650) and acknowledges JDRF support (1-INO-2022-1123-A-N).
: The authors declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.
: NE conceived and designed the study, performed experiments, analysed and interpreted data, and wrote the manuscript. MFH performed experiments, analysed and interpreted data, and revised the manuscript. BSF, LM and AZ performed experiments, analysed data and revised the manuscript. ATT, RA, JJC, AE-O, DPR, SZ and RLH interpreted data and revised the manuscript. SEK conceived and designed the study, interpreted data, and revised the manuscript. All authors approved the final version to be published. SEK is responsible for the integrity of the work as a whole.