Masalin, Senja http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3078-0303
Klåvus, Anton
Rönö, Kristiina http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6344-1159
Koistinen, Heikki A. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7870-070X
Koistinen, Ville http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1587-8361
Kärkkäinen, Olli http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0825-4956
Jääskeläinen, Tiina J. http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1202-0936
Klemetti, Miira M. http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9038-130X
Funding for this research was provided by:
Jalmari ja Rauha Ahokkaan Säätiö
Päivikki ja Sakari Sohlbergin Säätiö
Juho Vainion Säätiö
Paulon Säätiö
Suomen Kulttuurirahasto
Maud Kuistilan Muistosäätiö
South Karelia medical association
Biomedicum Helsinki-säätiö
Diabetestutkimussäätiö
Research Foundation of South Karelia Central Hospital
Finska Läkaresällskapet
Finnish State Funding for University-level Health Research
Viipuri Tuberculosis Foundation
Research Foundation for Obstetrics and Gynecology
University of Helsinki
Article History
Received: 29 April 2024
Accepted: 10 May 2024
First Online: 31 July 2024
Acknowledgements
: Research nurses Sirpa Valpas (South Karelia Central Hospital) and Pirjo Munnukka (Honkaharju Hospital) are acknowledged for recruiting all participants and collecting data. The doctors Mervi Jokelainen, Beata Stach-Lempinen, Tero Tapiola, Antti Sotka, Ulla Pikarinen and Antti Valpas, in addition to Arja Nenonen, Arja Heikkinen, midwives and other personnel working at the South Karelia Central Hospital antenatal outpatient clinic, labour ward, operating theatres, laboratory and research administration, also provided crucial input and assistance in the implementation of this study. Data scientist Atte Lihtamo (Afekta Technologies Ltd) is thanked for his collaboration and contributions in the copy-editing phase.
: The data that support the findings of this study are not openly available for reasons of sensitivity, but may be available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.
: Open Access funding provided by University of Helsinki (including Helsinki University Central Hospital). This work was supported by the Research Foundation of South Karelia Central Hospital, the Viipuri Tuberculosis Foundation, Finnish State Funding for University-Level Health Research, the Päivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation, the Diabetes Research Foundation and the Juho Vainio Foundation. Additionally, individual researchers received grants from the Viipuri Tuberculosis Foundation (MMK and SM), the Päivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation (MMK and SM), South Karelia Medical Association (MMK), the Finnish Medical Foundation (MMK), the Maud Kuistila Memorial Foundation (MMK), the Research Foundation for Obstetrics and Gynecology (MMK), Biomedicum Helsinki Research Foundation (MMK), the Finnish Cultural Foundation (MMK), the Jalmari and Rauha Ahokas Foundation (MMK) and the Paulo Foundation (KR).
: The authors declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.
: MMK initiated the population-based EDDIE study. This nested case–control study was planned by MMK, TJJ and KR. Metabolomics analyses were planned and implemented in collaboration with OK, AK and VK. KR was responsible for clinical data management and analysis. All authors participated in the planning of statistical analyses and interpretation of metabolomics data. SM and MMK wrote the manuscript. All authors contributed toward critically revising the paper, which was accepted by all authors. MMK is the guarantor of this work.