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Article History

Received: 16 May 2024

Accepted: 24 July 2024

First Online: 13 September 2024

Acknowledgements

: This article is written on behalf of the IQED Group of Experts. The members of the IQED Group of Experts are L. Crenier, C. De Block, A.-S. Vanherwegen, A. Lavens, C. Mathieu, F. Nobels, J.-C. Philips, P. Oriot, M. Vandenbroucke and V. Vanelshocht. We would like to thank the staff of all Belgian specialised diabetes centres for the data collection. Some of the data were presented as an abstract at the EASD meeting in 2023.

: Data cannot be shared publicly because of the use of pseudonymised person-level data. Readers who wish to access some or all of the data require approval from the Belgian Information Security Committee on Social Security and Health. More information about the access procedure may be obtained by contacting iqed@sciensano.be. Metadata (e.g. overview of variables, legal framework) are available on .

: The IQED programme is funded by the Belgian National Institute for Health and Disability Insurance.

: The authors declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.

: AL, CM, PO and CDB developed the concept and design of this study. Data analysis was performed by AL. All authors made substantial contributions to the interpretation of results. AL, CDB, PO and CM drafted the manuscript, and all authors contributed to critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content. All authors approved the final manuscript for publication. AL had full access to the data and accepts the responsibility for the integrity of the data and accuracy of the data analysis.