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Article History

Received: 18 January 2024

Accepted: 11 September 2024

First Online: 13 December 2024

Acknowledgements

: The authors wish to thank all of the members of the Department of Diabetes and Molecular Genetics, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, for their critical discussions. We are also grateful to staff of the Toon Genome Study, especially A Otaki, R Kagawa and M Sano, for supporting the medical checkups, and for technical assistance in this study.

: Raw data were generated at Ehime University. Derived data supporting the findings of this study may be available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

: This work was supported by grants from Ehime University, Takeshi Ikeda, JSPS KAKENHI (23K14738), the Japan Association for Diabetes Education and Care (Z22-100105) and the Clinical Research Promotion Foundation 2023 (Z23-100084).

: The authors declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.

: All authors confirm that they meet the uniform requirements of the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors for authorship. YI, RK, YTak and HO designed the experiments. YI, RK, YTab, KM, MT, TH, YTak and IS collected data. YI, RK, DS, JO and YO analysed the data. YI, RK and HO wrote the first draft of the manuscript. All authors edited, reviewed and approved the final version of the manuscript. All of the authors are responsible for the integrity of the work as a whole. YI, RK and HO accept full responsibility for the work and/or the conduct of the study, had access to the data and controlled the decision to publish.