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Article History

Received: 18 December 2024

Accepted: 7 February 2025

First Online: 26 March 2025

Acknowledgements

: The University of Alberta is situated on Treaty 6 territory, the traditional land of First Nations and Métis people. We thank Give Live Alberta (Alberta Health Services) and Trillium Gift of Life Network (TGLN) for their work in procuring human donor pancreases for research. We also thank J. Lyon (Alberta) for his efforts in human islet isolation, and K. Smith (Alberta) from the Cell Imaging Core – Katz Group Centre for her assistance with live-cell imaging experiments, and J. Koepke (Alberta) and P. Light (Alberta) for collaborative sharing of alphaTC1–9 cells. We especially thank the organ donors and their families for their kind gifts supporting diabetes research. Some data were presented as an abstract at the 60th EASD Annual Meeting in 2024.

: All source data are available from the corresponding author on request.

: This work was supported by a Foundation Grant (FS 148451) and Project Grant (PS 186226) from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research and a grant from Diabetes Canada (OG-3-24-5829-PM) to PEM. We also acknowledge the Human Pancreas Analysis Program (HPAP-RRID:SCR_016202) ( ), a Human Islet Research Network (RRID:SCR_014393) consortium (UC4-DK-112217, U01-DK-123594, UC4-DK-112232 and U01-DK-123716). This work includes data and/or analyses from HumanIslets.com funded by the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, JDRF Canada, and Diabetes Canada (5-SRA-2021-1149-S-B/TG 179092). XL was supported in part by fellowships from the Canadian Islet Research and Training Network NSERC-CREATE program and Alberta Innovates – Health Solutions. PEM holds the Tier 1 Canada Research Chair in Islet Biology.

: The authors declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.

: XL and PEM were responsible for the conception and design of the study. XL performed most of the experiments and analysed the data. TdS performed all the correlation analyses and analysed the data. AFS performed the islets perfusion experiments and analysed the data. SD contributed to confocal imaging and data analysis. NS performed mouse islet isolation. KS helped with qPCR experiments and primer design. XL wrote the original draft of the manuscript. All authors reviewed the article and approved the final version of the manuscript. PEM supervised the whole project and is the guarantor of this work.