Moen, Gunn-Helen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8768-0904
Hwang, Liang-Dar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5535-2199
Brito Nunes, Caroline https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2654-1679
Warrington, Nicole M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4195-775X
Evans, David M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0663-4621
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Health and Medical Research Council (APP2017942)
Norges Forskningsråd (325640)
Australian Research Council (DE220101226)
The University of Queensland
Article History
Received: 5 November 2024
Accepted: 11 February 2025
First Online: 10 April 2025
Acknowledgements
: This research has been conducted using the UK Biobank resource (Reference 53641). We thank L. Yengo (University of Queensland, Australia), R. Freathy (University of Exeter, UK) and K. Birkeland (University of Oslo, Norway) for interesting discussions. Some of the data were presented as an abstract at the EPEC meeting in 2023.
: Human genotype and phenotype data from the UK Biobank on which the results of this study were based were accessed with accession ID 53641. The genotype and phenotype data are available upon application to the UK Biobank (). Requirements for data access to the UK Biobank are described at .
: Open Access funding enabled and organized by CAUL and its Member Institutions. DME and this work are funded by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Investigator Grant (APP2017942) and Ideas Grant (GNT1183074). G-HM is the recipient of an Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Award (Project number: DE220101226) funded by the Australian Government and supported by the Research Council of Norway (Project Grant: 325640). L-DH is funded by an Australian Research Council Discovery Early Career Researcher Award (DE240100014). NMW is funded by an Australian National Health and Medical Research Council Investigator Grant (APP2008723).
: The authors declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.
: G-HM made substantial contributions to the conception and design of the work, the acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data, as well as drafting the article. L-DH and NMW made substantial contributions to the interpretation of data and reviewing the article critically for important intellectual content. CBN made substantial contributions to the analysis of data and reviewing the article critically for important intellectual content. DME made substantial contributions to the conception and design of the work, the acquisition and interpretation of data, as well as drafting the article. All authors have approved the final version to be published. G-HM and DME are the guarantors of this work.