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Authors
Zhou, Jiayi https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8865-3070
Mychaleckyj, Josyf C. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2595-0005
Onengut-Gumuscu, Suna https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6563-8334
Orchard, Trevor J. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9552-3215
Costacou, Tina https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9303-3810
Miller, Rachel G. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1845-8477
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01-DK034818)
Rossi Memorial Fund
American Diabetes Association (1-19-JDF-109)
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Article History
Received: 22 November 2024
Accepted: 19 February 2025
First Online: 23 April 2025
Acknowledgements
: We thank the EDC study participants and staff for their dedication to this research for over 30 years. Related preliminary data were presented as an abstract at the ADA’s 84th Scientific Sessions meeting in 2024.
: The data are not publicly available due to language used in the consent forms of this legacy cohort that prohibits broad data sharing. Data may be made available under a data sharing agreement in accordance with University of Pittsburgh Institutional Review Board policies and regulations.
: Details on the software used to perform the Mendelian randomisation analyses are provided in the ESM .
: The parent EDC study was supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases at the National Institutes of Health (grant no. R01-DK034818) and the Rossi Memorial Fund. The EDC DNAm sub-study was supported by the American Diabetes Association (grant no. 1-19-JDF-109). The funding agencies were not involved in study design, data collection, data analysis, interpretation or writing of the manuscript. JZ is supported by funding from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute and National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (grant no. R01-HL161879).
: The authors declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.
: RGM and TJO designed the study. RGM, TJO and TC contributed to acquisition of funding and data. SO-G oversaw methylation array processing. JCM performed the methylation data processing and QC. JZ and RGM conducted the statistical analyses. JZ, RGM, JCM, SO-G, TJO and TC interpreted the data. JZ drafted the manuscript. All authors edited and critically reviewed the manuscript for intellectual content and approved the final version. RGM is the guarantor of this work.
