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Authors
Deng, Yuzhi https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1735-5970
Wu, Hanbin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6076-7703
Ng, Noel Y. H. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4186-7113
Tam, Claudia H. T. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9169-0013
Tsang, Atta Y. T. https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4132-7084
Chan, Michael H. M. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1949-1666
Lo, Kenneth Ka Hei https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4624-2737
Wang, Chi Chiu https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3928-7278
Tam, Wing Hung https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1189-740X
Ma, Ronald C. W. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1227-803X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
RGC General Research Fund (14102719)
Health and Medical Research Fund (18190741)
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Article History
Received: 14 February 2025
Accepted: 5 May 2025
First Online: 2 July 2025
Acknowledgements
: The authors of the present study would like to thank the participants, researchers and others engaged in the Hong Kong HAPO study. Y. Deng acknowledges support from the Hong Kong PhD Fellowship Scheme. Some of the data were presented at the International Diabetes Epidemiology Group (IDEG) 2025 Symposium (oral presentation on Saturday 5 April 2025, Bangkok, Thailand) and the International Diabetes Federation World Diabetes Congress 2025 (oral poster presented on 9 April 2025, Bangkok, Thailand).
: Data collected for the study will not be made available to others.
: Research Grants Council (RGC) General Research Fund (ref. 14102719) and partial support from the Health and Medical Research Fund (ref. 18190741). The funding sources did not play any role in the study design, the interpretation of the study or the decision to publish the results.
: The authors declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work. Ronald C. W. Ma is a member of the editorial board of Diabetologia.
: YD conceptualised the study, performed formal analysis, used software, created visualisations and wrote the original draft. HW and NN contributed to the conceptualisation, methodology, investigation and manuscript review. CT contributed to the conceptualisation, methodology, validation and manuscript review. AT and MC contributed to the conceptualisation, investigation and manuscript review. KL contributed to the methodology, investigation and manuscript review. CW, WT and RM co-led the conceptualisation and investigation, provided resources and reviewed and edited the manuscript. WT led the funding acquisition. RM led the analysis, contributed to the original draft and reviewed and edited the manuscript. RM is the guarantor of this work, had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. All authors approved the final version.
