Keller, Martin J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0156-5284
Brady, Aidan J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9427-5771
Smith, Jonathan A. B. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2452-1655
Savikj, Mladen https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9708-0750
MacGregor, Kirstin https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9269-9004
Jollet, Maxence https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1191-4791
Öberg, Sofia B.
Nylén, Carolina https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8445-7221
Björnholm, Marie https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8877-6409
Rickenlund, Anette https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7582-0682
Carlsson, Marcus https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9480-5250
Caidahl, Kenneth https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5079-9696
Krook, Anna https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0891-0258
Pillon, Nicolas J. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1107-9490
Zierath, Juleen R. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6891-7497
Wallberg-Henriksson, Harriet https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7681-1537
Funding for this research was provided by:
Vetenskapsrådet (2015-00165, 2022-00609)
Diabetesförbundet (DIA2021-641, DIA2023-824)
Novo Nordisk Fonden (NNF14OC0011493, NNF18CC0034900, NNF21SA0072747, NNF22OC0077741, NNF23SA0084103)
Hjärt-Lungfonden (20200627, 20210536)
Knut och Alice Wallenbergs Stiftelse (2023.0312)
H2020 European Research Council (ERC-2023-AdG 1011420930)
Insamlingsstiftelsen Diabetes Wellness Network Sverige (PG21-6524)
Karolinska Institute
Article History
Received: 24 February 2025
Accepted: 7 May 2025
First Online: 28 June 2025
Acknowledgements
: We thank M. Domeij and H. Karlsson from Karolinska Institutet for contributing to this research, as well as the Biobank and Study Support facility at Karolinska University Hospital.
: All source data are available from the corresponding author on request.
: This study was supported by grants from the EFSD/Lilly European Diabetes Research Program and EFSD/Novo Nordisk A/S Program for Diabetes Research in Europe, the Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF14OC0011493 and NNF22OC0077741), Region Stockholm (ALF project 954154 and 962291), the European Research Council (ERC-2023-AdG 1011420930), the Swedish Research Council (2015-00165, 2022-00609), the Swedish Diabetes Foundation (DIA2021-641, DIA2023-824), Diabetes Wellness Sverige (PG21-6524), the Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation (20200627 and 20210536), a Wallenberg Scholar grant from the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation (2023.0312) and a European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes/Novo Nordisk Foundation Future Leaders Award (NNF21SA0072747). This study was supported by the Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, an independent research centre at the Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Denmark, which is partially funded by an unrestricted donation from the Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF18CC0034900, NNF23SA0084103).
: The authors declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.
: MJK, AJB, JABS, MS, KM, MJ, SBÖ, CN, MB, AR, MC, KC, AK, NJP, JRZ and HW-H made substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work; or the acquisition, analysis or interpretation of data. MJK, AJB, AK, NJP, JRZ and HW-H were responsible for drafting the article or reviewing it critically for important intellectual content. All authors gave final approval of the version of the manuscript to be published. HW-H supervised the whole project and is the guarantor of this work.