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Authors
Zheng, Jie
Gaspar, Rafael C.
Sakuma, Ikki
Hubbard, Brandon T.
Zhang, Dongyan
Nasiri, Ali
Kahn, Mario
Perelis, Mark
Samuel, Varman T.
Petersen, Kitt F.
Shulman, Gerald I. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1529-5668
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (F30 DK131846, F31 DK126362, P30 DK045735, P30 DK34989, R01 DK113984, R01 DK119968, T32 DK007356)
Manpei Suzuki Diabetes Foundation
Kowa Life Science Foundation
National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32 GM136651)
Mishima Kaiun Memorial Foundation
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Article History
Received: 27 March 2025
Accepted: 4 July 2025
First Online: 4 September 2025
Acknowledgements
: The authors thank W. Zhu, X. Ma and J. Stack for their excellent technical support. We also thank the Yale Histology Core for its support. All acknowledged individuals and facilities have given their consent. Some of the data were presented as an abstract at the 84th Scientific Sessions of the ADA in 2024.
: All study data are included in the article and ESM.
: This study was supported by grants from the United States Public Health Service (R01 DK119968 [GIS], R01 DK113984 [GIS], P30 DK045735 [GIS], R01 DK133143 [GIS], F30 DK131846 [BTH], P30 DK34989 [GIS] and T32 GM136651 [BTH]). IS was supported by the Manpei Suzuki Diabetes Foundation, Mishima Kaiun Memorial Foundation, Kowa Life Science Foundation and the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (Japan) Fund for the Promotion of Joint International Research (Fostering Joint International Research (A); #20KK0373).
: MP is an Ionis employee, which develops antisense oligonucleotide therapeutics. The other authors declare no competing interests.
: GIS and JZ made substantial contributions to the conception and design of the study. JZ, RCG, IS, BTH, DZ, AN, MK, VTS and KFP contributed to the acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data. Specifically, JZ, AN, RCG and IS performed the in vivo and ex vivo mouse studies, tissue analyses and biochemical assays. MP provided the Cideb and control ASOs. JZ and GIS drafted the manuscript, and all authors reviewed it critically for important intellectual content and approved the final version to be published. GIS and JZ are the guarantors of this work and take full responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the analysis.
