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Authors
Forteath, Calum https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6897-6777
Merchant, Heather J. https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2233-670X
Kocherry, Cyril
Murdoch, Colin E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0274-819X
Kerr, Jennifer
Gallagher, Jennifer R.
Evans, Mark L. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8122-8987
Thorens, Bernard https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3738-0129
Pedersen-Bjergaard, Ulrik https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0588-4880
de Galan, Bastiaan E. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1255-7741
McCrimmon, Rory J. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3957-1981
McNeilly, Alison D. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4869-178X
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking (777460)
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Article History
Received: 16 June 2025
Accepted: 12 August 2025
First Online: 10 November 2025
Acknowledgements
: The authors thank the staff in the Medical School Research Unit and Wellcome Trust Building Resource Unit for their provision of animal care and for ensuring the welfare of the animals throughout the duration of these experiments. Transcriptomics (RNA-seq) and DESeq2 analysis was performed by Azenta Life Sciences.
: Raw data are available on request to the corresponding authors. Transcriptomic data are provided in the ESM Data File.
: This project has received funding from the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement no. 777460. The JU receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA), T1D Exchange, Breakthrough T1D, IDF and Leona M. and Harry B. Helmsley Charitable Trust. RJM, ADM, MLE, BEdG, UP-B and BT received funding for the project (payment to respective institutions) as part of the Hypo-RESOLVE Consortium. The authors are solely responsible for the content of this work, which reflects only the authors’ views, and the JU is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains. The VisualSonics Fujifilm Vevo-F2 ultrasound system for echocardiography was granted to CEM as a ‘UKRI- World Class Laboratories’ award.
: BEdG and UP-B are members of the editorial board of Diabetologia . The authors declare that there are no other relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.
: RJM, ADM, CF, MLE, BT, BEdG and UP-B were responsible for the study concept and design. In vivo studies were performed by CF, ADM, JRG and JK. Microvascular assessment was performed by CF and ADM. Pressure–volume loop experiments were performed by CEM and analysed by CF and JK. Echocardiography was performed by CF and analysed by CK and CF. Downstream analysis and data visualisation were performed by HJM. CF, ADM, RJM, MLE, BT, BEdG, UP-B and HJM prepared and revised the manuscript. CK, CEM, JK and JRG reviewed the manuscript. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript. RJM is responsible for the integrity of the work as a whole and is a guarantor for this work.
