Cen, Jing https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6014-3984
Ivis, Anja https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5991-7137
Vasylovska, Svitlana https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0682-3449
Adjieva, Kina https://orcid.org/0009-0005-3729-3593
Lindsay, Robin S. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7867-8653
Westermark, Gunilla T. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1151-9986
Lau, Joey https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8302-3253
Funding for this research was provided by:
EXODIAB
StemTherapy
Barndiabetesfonden
Stiftelsen Familjen Ernfors Fond
Novo Nordisk (NNF24OC0092419)
Uppsala University
Article History
Received: 7 February 2025
Accepted: 17 September 2025
First Online: 10 November 2025
Acknowledgements
: The skilled technical assistance of M. Ljungkvist, L. Ahlqvist, Z. Li and R. Stenlid (Department of Medical Cell Biology, Uppsala University) is gratefully acknowledged.
: All data supporting the findings of this study are available within the paper and its . Raw data are available on request from the authors.
: Open access funding provided by Uppsala University. This work was supported by the Novo Nordisk Foundation (NNF24OC0092419), the Swedish Child Diabetes Fund, the Ernfors family foundation, and the national strategic research programmes Excellence of Diabetes Research in Sweden (Exodiab) and StemTherapy.
: JL has research funding from Novo Nordisk. The authors declare that there are no other relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.
: JC, JL and GTW designed the study. All authors conducted the study. AI, JC, JL and GTW drafted the manuscript, and the other authors revised it critically for intellectual content. All authors approved the final version of the manuscript. JL is the guarantor of this work.