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Article History

Received: 8 March 2025

Accepted: 16 September 2025

First Online: 22 December 2025

Acknowledgements

: hIAPP knockin mice were provided in kind from S. Kahn (University of Washington Diabetes Institute, USA). LNPs were provided in kind by Integrated Nanotherapeutics. RNA-seq was performed by the BRC-Seq Next Gen Sequencing Core (University of British Columbia, Canada). The authors wish to thank D. Wu (University of British Columbia, Canada) and L. Xu (BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Canada) for providing expertise and assistance with panel design, flow cytometry and FACS. The authors also wish to thank S. Skovsø (Valkyrie Life Sciences, Vancouver, Canada) who facilitated manuscript drafting and editing as well as data analysis and figure and schematic overview generation.

: RNA-seq data will be deposited in the Gene Expression Omnibus database upon publication. Any data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

: HCD was supported by a Postdoctoral Fellowship and Advanced Postdoctoral Fellowship from Breakthrough T1D (formerly JDRF) (3-PDF-2014-191-A-N and 3-APF-2018-586-A-N). CBV is supported by an Investigatorship from the BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute and the Irving K. Barber Chair in Diabetes Research. This work was supported by grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research to CBV (PJT-156449 and PJT-165943). Core funding was provided by the BC Children’s Hospital Foundation through the Canucks for Kids Fund Childhood Diabetes Laboratories.

: HD, SC and CBV are cofounders of Integrated Nanotherapeutics. HD took on employment at Integrated Nanotherapeutics after her postdoctoral fellowship and completion of the experiments in this manuscript. The authors declare that there are no other relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.

: All authors reviewed the manuscript critically for intellectual content and approved the final version to be published. HD conceived, designed and conducted the research in this manuscript, analysed the majority of the data and wrote the manuscript. LS, IS, DLD and GS acquired in vivo mouse data. VN conducted proliferation assays and BMDC experiments. DN and MK assisted with scRNA-seq experiments and JV conducted the scRNA-seq analysis. SC designed and formulated LNPs for Ova immunisation and Integrated Nanotherapeutics provided these LNPs in kind. CBV contributed to the conception, design and interpretation of the data, and is the guarantor of the data.