Document is current

Article History

Received: 20 March 2025

Accepted: 2 September 2025

First Online: 21 December 2025

Acknowledgements

: We would like to thank the Diabetes in Indigenous Populations Special Interest Group for contributing their time and energy to this work, and the International Diabetes Federation Diabetes Atlas group for initiating this systematic review. We would also like to share a special acknowledgement to the late Dr Laercio Joel Franco (University of São Paulo), an incredible advocate for the epidemiology of diabetes and a member of our international team who helped with key components of the review process. We are grateful to S. Karuranga (International Diabetes Federation) and L. Chen (Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, Australia) for their assistance with the search strategy. This systematic review provides publication of the final analysis and results of the systematic review process highlighted in the International Diabetes Federation Atlas Report 2022 ‘Diabetes Among Indigenous Peoples’. Pilamayapi (thank you all).

: All data generated or analysed during this study are included in the electronic supplementary material (ESM).

: CC was a recipient of the Gates Millennium Scholarship, an NW NARCH Student Support Fellowship, and an RMPHTC Student Leaders in Public Health grant to support her Doctor of Philosophy degree programme at the University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, USA. EP is the recipient of an NHMRC Postgraduate Scholarship (GNT1190866) to support her Doctor of Philosophy candidature at Menzies School of Health Research, Charles Darwin University, Darwin, NT, Australia. DJM is supported by an NHMRC Investigator Fellowship L2. LM-B is supported by an NHMRC Investigator Grant (GNT1194698). HM is supported by a CIHR Banting Fellowship. OP is funded by an NHMRC Investigator Grant (GNT2026852) L2. ELMB is supported by an NHMRC Grant (GNT1194698).

: DJM is the Chair of the Diabetes Atlas of the International Diabetes Federation and a member of Diabetologia editorial board. The remaining authors declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.

: DJM conceived the project and identified internal experts to conduct the literature search. CC served as the lead for all aspects of the systematic review process and drafted the manuscript, ESM tables, and all figures with significant input from AJH, ELMB, DJM and EP. CC, AJH, EP, ELMB, DJM, CH, BS, HM and DW developed the search strategy. CC, AJH, EP, ELMB, DJM, CH, BS and HM screened abstracts and full texts. CC, AJH, EP, ELMB, DJM, CH, BS and HM extracted the data. CC, AJH, ELMB, DJM and EP analysed and interpreted the data, conducted a quality assessment of studies and provided significant intellectual input to the manuscript. AJH, ELMB, DJM, MN, EP, CH, BS, HM, AB, OP, DW and LM-B provided significant intellectual input into the study design, manuscript review and revision. All authors had access to the data, contributed significantly to this manuscript, and were involved in the final decision to submit the current version of the manuscript for publication. CC is the guarantor for this manuscript.