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Authors
Gitelman, Stephen E. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4186-4107
Simmons, Kimber https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0560-5773
Sherr, Jennifer L. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9301-3043
Quattrin, Teresa https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2385-9278
Russell, William E. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7609-0434
Sunil, Bhuvana
Willi, Steven M. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4910-2425
Knecht, Laura A.
Niemoeller, Elisabeth
Licaj, Idlir https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3389-0735
Miller, Diana
DiMeglio, Linda A. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8033-6078
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Article History
Received: 18 December 2025
Accepted: 22 December 2025
First Online: 24 January 2026
Authors’ relationships and activities
: SEG has served on advisory boards for Abata Therapeutics, Genentech, GentiBio, Eli Lilly, Provention Bio, SAB Biotherapeutics, Sana Biotechnology, Sanofi and Shoreline Biosciences; has received support from the National Institutes of Health (NIH), Provention Bio and Sanofi for roles as an investigator in clinical trials; and serves on data and safety monitoring boards for Diamyd Medical, Breakthrough T1D (formerly known as JDRF) and INNODIA. KS has served on advisory boards for Provention Bio and Sanofi and has received support from NIH, Breakthrough T1D, Sanofi and Provention Bio for roles as an investigator in clinical trials. JLS consults for Abbott Diabetes, Insulet, Medscape, Medtronic Diabetes, Vertex and Ypsomed; has served on advisory boards for Cecelia Health, Insulet, MannKind, Medtronic Diabetes, StartUp Health T1D Moonshot and Vertex; and has received research support from Abbott Diabetes, Dexcom, Breakthrough T1D, Insulet, Medtronic, NIH and Provention Bio. TQ is a consultant for BioMarin, Janssen Research & Development, Merck, Pfizer, Provention Bio and Sanofi and is a clinical trial principal investigator at the Buffalo site for Ascendis, BioMarin, Janssen, OPKO Biologics, Pfizer, Provention Bio and Sanofi. WER has received grants or contracts from NIH and Provention Bio. BS has consulted for Provention Bio. SMW has received support from NIH, Provention Bio and Sanofi for roles as an investigator in clinical trials. LAK, EN and DM are employees of Sanofi and may hold stock in the company. IL is an employee of Cytel and was serving as a vendor to Sanofi at the time this article was written/published. LAD has served on advisory boards for Abata Therapeutics, Tandem and Biomea Fusion; has received research support from NIH, Lilly, MannKind, Provention Bio, Sanofi and Zealand for roles as an investigator in clinical trials; has received study supplies from Dexcom; and serves on data safety monitoring boards for Lilly and Merck for non-diabetes indications.
: All authors were responsible for drafting the article and reviewing it critically for important intellectual content. All authors approved the version to be published.
