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Authors
Humbert, Alexandre https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9179-4341
Nawrot, Margaux https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4442-7180
Bendridi, Nadia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0456-7007
Gouriou, Yves https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4925-9374
Bertocchini, Nicolas
Chauvin, Marie-Agnès
Ji-Cao, Jingwei
Durand, Christine
Vieille-Marchiset, Aurélie https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4382-8735
Pinteur, Claudie
Morio, Béatrice https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2418-1438
Reimann, Frank https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9399-6377
Guerci, Bruno https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6211-464X
Ravier, Magalie A. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6607-6559
Lestavel, Sophie https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7839-4757
Rieusset, Jennifer https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1587-2253
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes (EFSD/Boehringer Ingelheim European research progra)
Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR-21-CE14-0088-01)
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (recurring funding)
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Article History
Received: 1 December 2025
Accepted: 23 December 2025
First Online: 8 March 2026
Acknowledgements
: We would like to thank R. Lefebvre (CarMen lab, Lyon, France) for punctual help, S. Chanon (CarMen lab, Lyon, France) for histological advice, and E. Errazuriz-Cerda and the CIQLE (Lyon 1 University, Lyon-Est, France) for preparation and acquisition of TEM samples. We also acknowledge the contribution of the Anira-ImmOs facility of SFR Biosciences, UAR3444 (UAR3444/CNRS, US8/Inserm, Ecole Normale Supérieure [ENS] de Lyon, UCBL), and particularly L. Canaple for helpful advice and technical assistance. Some of the data were presented as an abstract at the 58th EASD Annual Meeting in 2022.
: The data of the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
: This work was supported by Inserm, the national research agency (ANR-21-CE14-0088-01 to JR) and an EFSD research grant from EFSD/Boehringer Ingelheim European research programme on multi-system challenges in diabetes (EFSD2019-20EZ139 to JR). AH was supported by a research fellowship from the French ENS (Ecole Normale Supérieure).
: The authors declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.
: AH, MN, NBendridi, YG, NBertocchini, M-AC, JJ-C, CD, AV-M, CP, BM and FR made substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work, or the acquisition, analysis or interpretation of data. JR was responsible for the study concept and design, found grants, analysed and interpreted data, drafted the manuscript and critically revised the manuscript. SL, MR and BG are partners of the ANR grant and helped design the study and concepts, and revised the manuscript. All authors have participated int the drafting and reviewing of the manuscript and approved the final version of this article. JR is the guarantor of this work and, as such, had full access to all the data in the study and took responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
