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Authors
Soe, Kywe Kywe https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5372-0525
Robinson, Emma
Oleolo, Misbah
Goonoo, Mohummad https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2793-309X
Sloan, Gordon https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6164-2662
Heller, Simon https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2425-9565
Tesfaye, Solomon https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1190-1472
Marques, Jefferson L. B. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8910-4735
Sourbron, Steven https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3374-3973
Selvarajah, Dinesh https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7426-1105
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Article History
Received: 29 January 2026
Accepted: 1 May 2026
First Online: 29 July 2026
Ethics
Acknowledgements: Parts of this work are derived from the PhD thesis of K. K. Soe, titled ‘Impact of cardiac autonomic neuropathy on diabetic kidney disease: assessment by MRI.’ In addition, preliminary findings from this study were previously presented in abstract form at the 60th Annual Meeting of the EASD 2024 (oral presentation: ‘Cardiac autonomic neuropathy: an independent risk factor for renal decline in diabetic kidney disease’).
Data availability: The datasets generated and/or analysed during the current study are not publicly available due to patient confidentiality and institutional data protection policies but are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request, subject to appropriate approvals.
Funding: KKS was a doctoral student working on a project that has received funding from the Innovative Medicines Initiative 2 Joint Undertaking under grant agreement no. 115974. The JU receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program and EFPIA and Breakthrough T1D (formerly known as JDRF). This study was funded by Diabetes UK and the European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes.
Authors’ relationships and activities: DS is a member of the editorial board of Diabetologia . The other authors declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.
Contribution statement: All authors made substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work, or the acquisition, analysis or interpretation of data, were involved in drafting the article or revising it critically for important intellectual content, and gave final approval of the version to be published. KKS is the guarantor of this work and is responsible for the integrity of the work as a whole. The guarantor accepts full responsibility for the work and/or the conduct of the study, had access to the data, and controlled the decision to publish.
