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Authors
Sridhar, Ananyaa
Palmer, Ethan S.
Craig, Sarah L.
Tanday, Neil
O’Harte, Finbarr P. M.
Irwin, Nigel
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Invest Northern Ireland (Proof-of-Concept grant (PoC 825))
Northern Ireland Department for Education (PhD studentship)
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Article History
Received: 3 April 2026
Accepted: 10 July 2026
First Online: 18 September 2026
Ethics
Data availability: All data used to support the findings of this study are directly available from the lead scientist (FPMO’H) upon request, without restrictions.
Funding: These studies were supported by a Northern Ireland Department for Education PhD studentship (to ESP) as well as an Invest Northern Ireland Proof-of-Concept grant (PoC 825).
Authors’ relationships and activities: NI and FPMO’H are named on patents filed by the Ulster University for exploitation of incretin-based drugs and other peptide therapeutics, and are also shareholders in the Ulster University spin-out company Dia Beta Labs Ltd. The remaining authors declare that there are no relationships or activities that might bias, or be perceived to bias, their work.
Contribution statement: AS, NI and FPMO’H contributed to the overall concept, experimental design and interpretation of the data. AS, SLC, NT and ESP performed the experimental work and contributed to validation, formal analysis and visualisation of the data. All authors contributed to writing of the manuscript and approved the final version. FPMO’H is the guarantor of this work.
