Document is current

Article History

Received: 17 August 2016

Accepted: 22 November 2016

First Online: 3 December 2016

Compliance with ethical standards

:

: None.

: The study was supported by funds from the United States National Institutes of Health and National Institute on Drug Abuse grants K05DA015799 (to JCA) and T32DA021129 (to HGC), as well as Michigan State University. The content is the sole responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of MSU, the United States National Institute on Drug Abuse, or the United States National Institutes of Health. The authors wish to thank the United States Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Office of Applied Studies (now the Center for Behavioral Health Statistics and Quality) for completion of its annual nationally representative surveys on drug use and health, as well as its direction and supervision of the annual data gathering and preparation of public use data sets. We also thank the ESPAD researchers for publishing their online reports from which ESPAD estimates are drawn.