Muhammad, T. https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1486-7038
Mu, Christina X. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3528-0482
Srivastava, Shobhit
Joseph, Vinod Joseph Kannankeril
Drishti, Drishti
Ali, Waad
Zanwar, Preeti Pushpalata
Article History
Received: 3 January 2024
Accepted: 9 June 2025
First Online: 27 June 2025
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The LASI was approved by the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR) Ethics Committee in January 2017. As per ethics protocols, consent forms were administered to each household and age-eligible individual. In accordance with Human Subjects Protection, written or verbal informed consent was obtained from all the participants, approved by the ICMR Ethics Committee, both for the interviews and the biomarker tests and signed consent was obtained additionally for the collection of Dried Blood Spot (DBS) samples. All methods were carried out in accordance with relevant guidelines and regulations and in accordance with the World Medical Association Declaration of Helsinki.
: Not applicable.