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Authors
Liang, Qiqing https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4511-4008
Xu, Miao https://orcid.org/0009-0002-7947-6281
Qiu, Lei https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2980-2675
Liu, Yang https://orcid.org/0009-0006-6275-7588
Tian, Ye https://orcid.org/0009-0000-6839-8818
Zuo, Xin https://orcid.org/0009-0003-5620-8353
Qin, Fenmei https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3805-9549
Wang, Ying https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4889-9442
Liu, Yumei https://orcid.org/0009-0004-8776-7219
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
Hainan Provincial Department of Science and Technology (824RC520)
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Article History
Received: 21 June 2025
Accepted: 23 December 2025
First Online: 29 January 2026
Declarations
:
: The authors declare no competing interests.
: The comprehensive research protocol underwent rigorous ethical scrutiny by the institutional review board, specifically the Ethics Committee of Hainan Medical University, which granted formal ethical approval for the conduct of this study (Grant Number: HYLL-2024-271).
: All informed consent was secured prior to the initiation of any interactions with study participants.
