Document is current

Article History

Received: 6 June 2025

Accepted: 9 July 2025

First Online: 24 July 2025

Declarations

:

: Jean-Pierre Frat has received personal fees for lectures, travel expense coverage to attend scientific meetings from Fisher and Paykel Healthcare, grant for randomized clinical trial; personal fees as member of a scientific board and travel expense coverage to attend scientific meetings from SOS Oxygène; grant for clinical studies from the Bourse du souffle. Audrey De Jong has received fees for lectures from Medtronic, Fisher-Paykel, Drager, Sanofi, and Viatris. Orio Roca reported a research grant from Hamilton Medical AG and Fisher&Paykel Healthcare Ltd, speaker fees from Hamilton Medical AG, Fisher&Paykel Healthcare Ltd, and Aerogen Ltd, and non-financial research support from Timpel; all outside the submitted work. Minority stakeholder of Tesai Care SL, a spin-off of Vall d’Hebron and Parc Taulí University Hospital. Lise Piquilloud has received lectures fees and travel expense coverage to attend scientific meetings from Fisher and Paykel, Medtronic, Healthcare, GE Healthcare, Hamilton Medical, Getinge, Air Liquid Medical system. Lise Piquilloud has also received consultant fees from Getinge. Nuttapol Rittayamai has received personal fees for lectures and/or research equipment from Fisher and Paykel Healthcare, Aerogen, and Vapotherm. Gonzalo Hernandez has received personal fees for lectures, travel expense coverage to attend scientific meetings from Fisher and Paykel Healthcare. Gonzalo Hernandez is Section Editor for Intensive Care Medicine. He has not taken part in the review or selection process of this article.