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Authors
Schellongowski, Peter https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8982-3131
Darmon, Michael
Eller, Philipp
Munshi, Laveena
Liebregts, Tobias
Metaxa, Victoria
Montini, Luca
Lahmer, Tobias
Taccone, Fabio S.
van de Louw, Andry
Balik, Martin
Pickkers, Peter
Hemelaar, Pleun
Yadav, Hemang
Barratt-Due, Andreas
Karvunidis, Thomas
Riera, Jordi
Martucci, Gennaro
Martin-Loeches, Ignacio
Castro, Pedro
Buchtele, Nina
Lemiale, Virginie
Hatzl, Stefan
Dumas, Guillaume
Staudinger, Thomas
Azoulay, Elie
,
Heinz, Gottfried
Sengölge, Gürkan
Zauner, Christian
Lobmeyr, Elisabeth
Maillard, Alexis
De Pascale, Gennaro
Panarello, Giovanna
Bauer, Philippe R.
Flaksa, Marek
Brozek,
Taccone, Fabio Silvio
Crippa, Ilaria
Barrat-Due, Andreas
García-Roche, Sandra
Díaz-Lagares, Cándido
Pacheco, Andrés
Téllez, Adrián
Loeches, Ignacio Martin
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Funding
Funding for this research was provided by:
European Society of Intensive Care Medicine
Medical University of Vienna
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Article History
Received: 2 July 2025
Accepted: 2 September 2025
First Online: 25 September 2025
Declarations
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: PS reports speaker fees from Fresenius Medical and Getinge; MD reports payments to his institution made by Gilead; TS reports speaker fees from Baxter, CSL Behring, Fresenius Medical, Getinge, and Mitsubishi Pharma; VL reports being the treasurer of a research group (GrrrOh), which received payments from Alexion, Fisher Paykel, Gilead, Sanofi, and Shionogi; all other authors did not report any conflicts of interest. MD and VM are Section Editors for Intensive Care Medicine. They have not taken part in the review or selection process of this article.
: Institutional review board approval was obtained by each participating ICU in accordance with local ethics regulations. Written informed consent was obtained from each patient, or from a relative if the patient was too ill to provide consent, before study inclusion.
